Content Mapping

VIOSOs content mapping and warping functionality is integral for aligning projected images onto complex surfaces, ensuring that the final display appears seamless and accurate. There are two approaches of mapping content to the surface.

Content mapping modes

2D Warping

This involves adjusting the image to fit a specific projection surface by applying a 2-dimensional warping grid onto the content. The primary approach here is to correct distortions and align the projected image to match the physical screen. This method relies heavily on the accuracy of the camera setup. A well-placed camera is essential for capturing the precise geometry of the projection surface.

Typical example of a panoramic screen - projection warped in 2D to fit the outline

3D Mapping (Model based warping):

This approach is more advanced and versatile. In VIOSO, it`s also called "MRD" (model rendering definition). It accounts for both the geometry of the projection surface and the perspective of the calibration camera. The process involves several steps:

• Modeling: The software uses a 3D model of the projection surface and parameters of the calibration camera such as position, rotation and lens characteristics.

• Align 3D: After the calibration, the result is then cacluated in the 3D space while being projected. By adjusting the virtual camera, which represents the physical camera as precise as possible, the projected result is adjusted to fit to the projection surface

• 2D Warping: From the 3D Alignment, a 2D representation is made and can be adjusted further more using the 2D warping.

Typical example of 3D Mapping to ensure perfect linearity of the content

Comparison of 2D and 3D Warping

2D Warping:

• Camera Setup: Relies on a single camera placed in a central position in relation to the projection surface. The accuracy of the warping depends on how well this camera is positioned and calibrated.

• Surface Complexity: Best suited for flat or relatively simple projection surfaces. The warping adjusts for distortions and alignment issues but does not account for the depth or intricate geometry of the surface.

• Applications: Typically used in simpler setups where the projection surface does not have significant depth or curvature.

3D Warping:

• Camera Setup: Utilizes a more comprehensive approach, often involving multiple camera views or a single camera capturing multiple perspectives. This allows the software to gather detailed information about the surface geometry.

• Surface Complexity: Handles complex surfaces with varying depths and curvatures. The 3D model enables precise adjustments to the image, accommodating the surface’s geometry and ensuring accurate alignment and linearity.

• Applications: Ideal for immersive environments, complex projection surfaces, and large-scale installations where depth and detailed surface contours are significant.

Summary

2D Warping is straightforward and efficient for simpler setups where the projection surface is relatively flat or regular. It is heavily dependent on the proper placement and calibration of the camera.

3D Warping in VIOSO 6 offers a more advanced solution by incorporating the 3D geometry of the projection surface and parameters of the camera. It uses detailed calibration data to adjust the image accurately before projection, making it suitable for complex and immersive environments.

The choice between 2D and 3D warping depends on the complexity of the projection surface and the accuracy required for the application. VIOSO 6’s 3D warping capability provides a significant advantage for projects where precision and surface complexity are critical.