# 2D Warp

After completing all scans, VIOSO computes the blending for the entire area that is covered by the projectors and not hadled with masks. 

* If a 3D Alignment has been done, this result is prewarped already.
* If not, the content has to be aligned on a 2D way - like applying warping to a single projector. 

## Realtime Warping

Warping is executed in realtime, on one compound - regardless of the number of clients participating. Start the warping by selecting a target and click `Edit`:

<figure><img src="/files/UinVmhOzPf8sJkqcPQlk" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

In 2D mode, the mapping of content is handled by warping the outlines of a suitable testpattern on the screen in a visual way. Warping starts as a 4-point rectangle, that is superimposed on the camera image:

![result without warping, as viewed from the camera](https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Edid_01_overview_2D-1024x448.png)

In the 3D workflow, a pre-warping has been done already, so the result is not (or less) influenced by the position of the camera in relation to the projection surface.

## Warping Tools <a href="#id-80992699-j0doon" id="id-80992699-j0doon"></a>

The warping is mainly a point-and-click workflow. Several tools help to achive this task.

### Warping Toolbar

![](https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Edit_01_tools.png)

<table data-header-hidden><thead><tr><th width="101">Tool</th><th width="504">Description</th><th>Shortcut</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_rotate.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Undo (CTRL+Z)</strong><br>Undo an action. If you want to undo multiple actions, click multiple times</td><td><code>CTRL+Z</code><br><code>CTRL+Y</code></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_scale.png" alt="" data-size="line"> <img src="/files/NoDsYhwDQcwLnusussWT" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Toggle scaling / deformation mode</strong><br>Scale or deform one point or all points</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_move.png" alt="" data-size="line"> <img src="/files/F7NkqpCgqB0rxQmdopfV" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Toggle pan / move mode</strong><br>Pan the entire working area or move the entire warping grid</td><td><code>INS</code></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_tangents.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Toggle line grippers</strong><br>Inserts a gripper between warping points moves a vertex between two points</td><td><code>F2</code></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_bezier.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Toggle tangents</strong><br>Adds a tangent to the selected point. Tangents let you adjust the curvature in case of bicubic warping</td><td><code>F3</code></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_toggle_fine.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Keyboard fine or coarse points</strong><br>Use the arrow buttons on the keyboard to move a point, small or wider spaces</td><td><code>F4</code></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_plus_collum.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>More columns</strong><br>Adds a vertical column</td><td><code>F6</code></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_minus_collum.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Less columns</strong><br>Erases a vertical column</td><td><code>F5</code></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_plus_row.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>More rows</strong><br>Adds a horizontal row</td><td>F8</td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_minus_row.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Less rows</strong><br>Erases a horizontal row</td><td>F7</td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/edit_toolz_round_Straight.png" alt="" data-size="line"> <img src="/files/pAM8iNKLYbzTbDRJ8yEb" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Toggle linear/bicubic interpolation</strong><br>Linear: warping is based on straight lines between points<br>Bicubic: warping is following a curved path between points</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/warptool11.png" alt="" data-size="line"></td><td><strong>Show undo stack</strong><br>Displays a list of warping modifications, go back to a past point in your warp<br><img src="/files/aNRndXp4qemzKO68VsD5" alt=""></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

### Warping Context Menu <a href="#id-424982902-ees0ku" id="id-424982902-ees0ku"></a>

The warping area also contains a context menu that is available by right-clicking on the preview screen.

<figure><img src="/files/QUEm0Ab73p2rmTCaH9pt" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## **4-Point Warping / Keystoning** <a href="#id-359920746-8taou6" id="id-359920746-8taou6"></a>

A typical warping and mapping task is to align a misaligned projected image to a flat surface. The very basic usage of the warping tool, therefore, consists of a 4-point warping where each corner is handled accordingly.

To get a proper linearity toggle the keystone rect feature:

{% hint style="info" %}
Before starting a 4-Point Warping, right click on the warping grid and select `interpolation method` - `keystone rect`

![](/files/Aa17hyAen8CvEgTc81no)
{% endhint %}

| <img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/case-1-300x266.png" alt="" data-size="original"> | <p><strong>Case 1</strong></p><p>The sides of the projected image are different lengths, e.g. projectors are angled laterally. Drag the red corners to the smallest size of the projected image.</p>                           |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| ![](https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/case-2-300x264.png)                                    | <p><strong>Case 2</strong></p><p>The upper and lower sides of the projected image are different lengths, e.g. projectors are tilted vertically. Drag the red corners with the mouse in order to straighten the sides.</p>      |
| ![](https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/case-3-300x220.png)                                    | <p><strong>Case 3</strong></p><p>The projected image is larger than the projection surface, e.g. projectors are too far away from the surface. Drag the red corners to the size of the projection surface using the mouse.</p> |
| ![](https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/case4-300x224.png)                                     | <p><strong>Case 4</strong></p><p>All 4 sides of the projected image are different lengths, e.g. projectors are tilted laterally and vertically. Drag the red corners as shown in the illustration.</p>                         |

&#x20;

## Arbitrary Warping <a href="#id-268643495-qp5hbl" id="id-268643495-qp5hbl"></a>

In addition to the 4-point warping functionality, the warping feature supports nearly unlimited complexity of screen shaping and content mapping. By increasing the number of control points, complex warping grids can be established.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/qmAFim4j1UPJlAJTPkTh" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Right-click anywhere on the warping area. The context menu is displayed. It contains the entries `Grid Colums` and `Grid Rows`, as well as the i`nterpolation method`.

* **Grid columns and rows:** Use this function to insert warping points on the horizontal and vertical axises. Use also the tools from the warping toolbar to increase/decrease the number of columns.

<img src="https://helpdesk.vioso.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/warping-4x4-1.png" alt="" height="250" width="348">

* **Interpolation method:** Here you switch between linear and cubic support point interpolation. Linear interpolation is suitable for corners, edges, etc., while cubic interpolation is suitable for rounded surfaces. Cubic interpolation is the default.
* **Load/Save:** Use thise features to save the current warping into a file (\*.vc). Such a saved warping can be applied any time on the same calibration or another calibration.


---

# Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation

If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter:

```
GET https://docs.vioso.com/calibration/content-mapping/2d-warp.md?ask=<question>
```

The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.